Chapter 5: Louisiana's Native People and Early European Explorers

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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Native American Groups - 16th Century

How is the location of the Natchez settlement related to the 1729 White Apple Village conflict?

a.	French officials forcibly removed the Natchez to set up salt mines.
b.	Spanish officials slaughtered the Natchez to gain control of Natchez river ports.
c.	Neighboring tribes fought the Natchez to gain fishing rights along the Mississippi.
d.	French officials ordered the Natchez to abandon their village to gain control of the fertile land.

Read the passage and then answer the next question.

Du Pratz recorded the concerns expressed by one Natchez elder: “Before the French came amongst us, we were men, content with what we had.” Another Natchez chief believed that the trading relationship with the French meant only that his people had to deprive themselves of a “part of our corn, our game, and fish, to give a part to them.”

Which explains what concerned the Natchez elders about trading with the French?

a.	trade-offs
b.	opportunity costs
c.	supply and demand
d.	opportunity benefits

How did the arrival of European settlers affect the Native American population in Louisiana?

a.	Native American populations increased after European settlement.
b.	Native American populations decreased after European settlement.
c.	Native American populations decreased before European settlement.
d.	Native American populations were unaffected by European settlement.

Why are there no written records of Native Americans from the years before European settlement?

a.	Early natives had no language.
b.	Early paper was fragile and was destroyed over time.
c.	Natives followed an oral tradition of handing down stories.
d.	They were all destroyed during the American Revolution.

Study the time line and then answer the question.

Which event occurred in 1731?

a.	Natchez survivors disperse, ending the tribe.
b.	Natchez sell their lands along the Mississippi to the French.
c.	France agrees to share tobacco profits with the Natchez tribe.
d.	The U.S. government recognized Natchez as a sovereign Indian nation.

Which event occurred in AD 1718?

a.	Natchez arrive in Louisiana
b.	Late Neo Indian period began
c.	Oldest mounds in Louisiana built
d.	Du Pratz encounters several native tribes

Which is the best resource for learning about the daily lives of prehistoric Native American tribes?

a.	pottery fragments
b.	color photographs
c.	diary entries
d.	newspaper articles

Read the passage and then answer the question.

Du Pratz recorded the concerns expressed by one Natchez elder: “Before the French came amongst us, we were men, content with what we had.”

What conclusion could be drawn from this statement?

a.	Natives chose not to interact with French settlers.
b.	Natives abandoned their cultures for French traditions.
c.	Native cultures and lifestyles began to change when the French arrived.
d.	Native cultures and lifestyles were unaffected by the arrival of the French.

What are the four stages of Louisiana’s prehistory?

a.	Prehistoric Indian, Paleo Indian, Meso Indian, and Neo Indian
b.	Paleo Indian, Meso Indian, Early Neo Indian, and Late Neo Indian
c.	Paleo Indian, Early Meso Indian, Late Meso Indian, and Neo Indian
d.	Prehistoric Indian, Meso Indian, Early Neo Indian, and Late Neo Indian

Study the time line and then answer the question.

10.

Which event could be added between 7500 and 5000 BC?

a.	Native populations decreased due to small pox outbreak.
b.	Native people stopped hunting and turned to agriculture.
c.	Native migration patterns continued to mirror those of the Mastodon.
d.	Native people began to hunt smaller prey and settle for longer periods.

11.

What conclusion can be drawn from the timeline?

a.	Meso Indians buried Paleo Indians in their mounds.
b.	In 7500 BC, Louisiana experienced another ice age.
c.	Neo Indians traded pottery for guns and ammunition.
d.	By AD 800, Louisiana’s native populations built settlements.

12.

What conclusion can be drawn about the cultural shift to permanent settlements by the end of the Late Neo Indian period?

a.	Over hunting and fishing lowered game populations forcing tribes to settle and begin farming.
b.	Herds of large animals settled in the rich lands of Louisiana eliminating the need to move frequently.
c.	Trading with the French for guns simplified hunting, eliminating the need to follow herds of animals.
d.	New technologies complimented Louisiana’s rich natural and biological resources eliminating the need to move frequently.

13.

What is intercropping?

a.	planting crops in between homes
b.	planting different crops each season
c.	planting crops every other growing season
d.	planting multiple crops in the same plot at the same time

14.

How did the arrival of European explorers and settlers challenge Native Americans living in Louisiana?

a.	Natives had to begin using guns to hunt game for food.
b.	Native populations did not have immunity to European illnesses.
c.	Natives worked hard to teach European settlers their languages.
d.	Natives had to farm twice as much land to provide food for the increasing population.

15.

DeSoto’s Exploration

Native American Tribes in the 1500s

Which Native American group would have been most affected by Hernando de Soto’s exploration of Louisiana?

a.	Atakapa
b.	Caddo
c.	Houma
d.	Tunica

16.

Discovery of the Mississippi

What conclusion can be drawn from this painting of Hernando de Soto?

a.	Native tribes embraced de Soto, his army, and his religious beliefs.
b.	Hernando de Soto considered native chiefs as equal in power to himself.
c.	Native tribes had no desire to forge peaceful relationships with Spanish explorers.
d.	Hernando de Soto intended to claim land and riches for Spain by any means necessary.

17.

Which is an example of how the introduction of European trade goods affected the lives of Native Americans?

a.	Horse meat replaced small game as a dietary staple.
b.	European style clothing was used to define tribal status.
c.	Pots allowed them to cook their meat instead of eating it raw.
d.	Guns changed the way they hunted and fought among themselves.

18.

Which two tribal groups ceased to exist within thirty years of the arrival of the French in Louisiana?

a.	Atakapa and Natchez
b.	Caddo and Chitimacha
c.	Choctaw and Houma
d.	Tunica and Natchez

19.

Study the time line and then answer the question.

Which event would complete the timeline?

a.	moved west to Texas
b.	settled along Red River
c.	began to trade with Americans
d.	border disputes between French and Spanish settlers

20.

Why did the Caddo Indians sign a treaty with the United States in 1835?

a.	to end the French and Indian War
b.	to sell their land for cash and trade goods
c.	to establish themselves as a sovereign nation
d.	to ensure a lasting trade relationship with the U.S. government

21.

Which is a direct result of the arrival of Spanish conquistadors in North America?

a.	Native American populations increased rapidly.
b.	Tribes gave up their religions to become Catholic.
c.	Native Americans learned new farming techniques.
d.	Native Americans became skilled at horseback riding.

22.

How was the location of the Chitimacha tribe related to the yellow fever epidemic in 1855?

a.	Location played no part. The arrival of European explorers and settlers were to blame.
b.	There was flooding of the Mississippi River which made it difficult for doctors to bring medicine to the tribe.
c.	Watery marsh land and a subtropical climate were perfect for the growth and development of mosquitos.
d.	The continual change and loss of the wetlands made it impossible for tribes to grow the plants needed to cure those infected.

23.

Who is responsible for the governance of the modern day Chitimacha tribe?

a.	Governor of Louisiana
b.	Mayor of St. Mary’s Parish
c.	Tribal Council Members
d.	United States government

24.

Which groups of people make up the Natchez class system?

a.	king, nobles, and stinkards
b.	chief, governor, and stinkards
c.	president, governor, and mayor
d.	chief, tribal council, and shaman

25.

How did the French and Indian War contribute to an internal Choctaw tribal war?

a.	French propaganda convinced the natives to destroy each other.
b.	Following the war, the tribe split into two factions each allied with opposing nations.
c.	Low on food and other supplies, the tribesmen turned against each other for survival.
d.	Having their lands taken by the French during the war, the Choctaw were forced to fight one another to reclaim their settlements.

26.

Mary is conducting a research project on the cultural history of the Choctaw tribe.
What would be the most reliable source of information for her project?

a.	blog hosted by Choctaw children
b.	Choctaw tribal center in Grant Parish
c.	newspaper articles
d.	social studies textbook

Houma Settlement History

27.

Which conclusion about the Houma can be drawn from the map?

a.	The Houma tribe did not have disputes over land because they continued to move.
b.	The culture and lifestyle of the Houma tribe has remained unchanged throughout its history.
c.	The Houma tribe relocated several times before settling in the marshlands of Louisiana.
d.	The Houma tribe followed large herds of mastodons until they settled along the coast of Louisiana.

28.

Tunica-Biloxi Settlement

Which explains how the location of Tunica-Biloxi settlements impacted trade?

a.	Coastal living allowed them to trade directly with Europe.
b.	Marsh settlements made crawfish their primary trade good.
c.	The location of the tribe did not directly affect its ability or need to trade.
d.	Settling along waterways allowed them to travel long distances to trade with other tribes.

29.

Which explains why the Tunica-Biloxi tribe had two chiefs?

a.	They were the largest tribe in Louisiana.
b.	One led all tribal affairs while the other led the military.
c.	Tribal settlements were spread out throughout Louisiana.
d.	One supervised the women and children while the other led the men.

30.

How were the Tunica tribe’s trading skills related to their relationship with French and Spanish settlers?

a.	The Tunica refused to trade their goods with the settlers.
b.	The Tunica used trade as a way to control their relationships with the settlers.
c.	The Tunica were specialized salt traders, so they only interacted with the settlers from time to time.
d.	The Tunica traded their goods at a higher cost than other tribes, causing many conflicts with the settlers.